DIVISION HEPATOPHYTA - LIVERWORTS

1. TWO TYPES
   a.THALLOSE
  b.LEAFY

THALLOSE - THOUGHT BY SOME TO RESEMBLE LIVER.
“WORT” - HERB

8,500 SPECIES KNOWN

CHARACTERISTICS

1.   GAMETOPHYTE DOMINANT
2.   MAY HAVE A CUTICLE
3.   HAVE THICK WALLED SPORES
4.   BILATERAL SYMMETRY

CAN REPRODUCE ASEXUALLY
ASEXUAL STTRUCTURES ARE GEMMAE  
     GEMMAE CAN BE STAR SHAPED, OVOID OR LENS SHAPED.  
     GEMMAE FOUND IN SPLASH CUPS AND ARE DISTRIBUTED BY
     FALLING RAIN DROPS.

THE GAMETOPHYTE CAN ALSO FRAGMENT AND GROW INTO NEW PLANTS.

GAMETOPHYTE  

LEAFY - RESEMBLE MOSSES

CHARACTERISTICS:
    1.BILATERALLY SYMMETRIC
    2.LEAVES THREE RANKED
    3.LEAVES LACK A MIDRIB
    4.LEAVES ONE CELL LAYER THICK  
    5.GAMETOPHYTE APPEARS FLATTENED

THALLOSE

CHARACTERISTICS

1.FLAT, RIBBONLIKE
2.BRANCH DICHOTOMOUSLY
3.SURFACE COVERED BY DIAMOND SHAPED PLATES
4.PLATES COVER A CHAMBER
  a. CHAMBER CONTAINS FILAMENTS OF PHOTOSYNTHETIC CELLS
  b. EACH CHAMBER CONNECTED TO THE ATMOSPHERE BY A PORE.
5.PRODUCE ANTHERIDIA AND ARCHEGONIA
  a. MALE PLANTS FORM ANTHERIDIOPHORES - 1N TISSUE
     PRODUCE ANTHERIDIA
  b. FEMALE PLANTS FORM ARCHEGONIOPHORES - 1N TISSUE
     PRODUCE ARCHEGONIA

SPOROPHYTE -

THE SPOROPHYTE IS CONTAINED WITHIN THE ARCHEGONIOPHORE AND ARE ANCHORED WITH A KNOBLIKE FOOT.

MEIOSIS OCCURS WITHIN THE CAPSULE.

ELATOR CELLS ARE FORMED WITHIN THE CAPSULE, ALSO.  ELATORS DRY AND COIL UP LIKE SPRINGS AND DISPERSE SPORES

ECOLOGY AND DISTRIBUTION OF BRYOPHYTES

WHERE BRYOPHYTES GROW:

     MOIST SOIL, ROOFTOPS, CLIFF FACES, TREE TRUNKS, BASES OF
     TREES AND BUSHES, SIDEWALK CRACKS, PLANTERS, ON SOIL IN
     SHADE, IN DUNG.

RANGE OF DISTRIBUTION:

COMMONIST IN THE TROPICS
DESERTS
TEMPERATE FORESTS
RAIN FORESTS
ANTARCTICA

SPLACHNUM - “MAMMAL DUNG MOSS”

1. RELEASES AN ODOR THAT ATTRACTS FLIES.
2. STICKY SPORES STICK TO FLIES.
3. FLIES GO TO OTHER DUNG PILES AND DISTRIBUTE