Mammalogy _________________ ____ Fall 2000 - Exam 3 name ID#

1-26 Multiple Choice. Select the best answer. 2 points each. 52 points total

  1. Hyraxes are found in A. Africa and the Middle East B. Southeast and Southwest Asia C. The Palearctic Zoogeographic Region D. The Neotropical Zoogeographic Region E. The Palearctic and Neotropical Zoogeographic Regions
  2. Tusk-like upper incisors and soles of feet with elastic pads characterize the A. Macroscelididae B. Procaviidae C. Tapiridae D. Camelidae E. Ochotonidae
  3. The only ungulates that feed primarily on ants and termites A. Moschidae B. Procaviidae C. Oryctoropidae D. Tapiriidae E. Tragulidae
  4. Large olifactory lobes, a long protrusible tongue, and cheek teeth lacking enamel characterize the A. Macroscelidea B. Hyracoidea C. Sciurognathi D. Tubulidentata E. Hystricognathi
  5. These are the only Perissodactyla that are native to the Neotropics A. Equidae B. Camelidae C. Rhinoceratidae D. Tragulidae E. Tapiridae
  6. This family of grazers has hypsodont cheek teeth and is a hindgut fermenter A. Equidae B. Tapiridae C. Tragulidae D. Hippopotamidae E. Oryctoropidae
  7. These ungulates inhabit tropical forests, frequently swim, and have four digits on their front feet and three on their hind A. Procaviidae B. Tapiridae C. Tayassuidae D. Hydrochoeridae E. Myocastoridae
  8. This family is endemic to Africa A. Tapiridae B. Camelidae C. Hippototamidae D. Suidae E. Moschidae
  9. Tragulids such as the mouse deer are characterized by Small size (<10 kg) No cranial appendages Large upper canines in males All of the above None of the above
  10. Giraffidae are characterized by Hypsodont cheek teeth Horns that have a decidous sheath 8 or more cervical vertebrae All of the above None of the above
  11. These ungulates feed on grasses and shrubs such as sagebrush and have their eyes high on their heads to spot predators while feeding. Antilocapridae Tapiridae Giraffidae Moschidae Cervidae
  12. Diverse feeding strategies enable many species of this family to inhabit the same area together Cervidae Bovidae Suidae Equidae Camelidae
  13. Antilocapridae are characterized by A Holarctic distribution Brachyodont cheek teeth Extreme flexion of the spine All of the above None of the above
  14. How many genera of bovids are native to North America One Two Three Four Five
  15. Horns made entirely of keratin characterize this family Cervidae Bovidae Hippopotamidae Tapiridae Rhinoceratidae
  16. In this family, cranial appendages are always present in males and are variably present in females of more than one genus Bovide Antilocapridae Giraffidae Moschidae Cervidae
  17. The group of sigmodontines that lives mainly in the Neotropics is distinguished from the group of sigmodontines that lives mainly in the Nearctic by the structure of their Masseter muscles Penis Hind limbs Front limbs Teeth
  18. Although members of these two families appear to be almost identical, their similarities most likely evolved as a result of convergent evolution. Geomyidae, Heteromyidae Ochotonidae, Leporidae Hystricidae, Erithizontidae Caviidae, Procaviidae Hominidae, Suidae
  19. The largest bodied rodents native to the United States belong to this family Aplodontidae Myocastoridae Hydrochaeridae Castoridae Muridae
  20. Elongate metatarsals are characteristic of members of this family Muridae Geomyidae Caviidae Sciuridae Heteromyidae
  21. Members of this family include species who are fossorial, arboreal, and gliders Sciuridae Geomyidae Zapodidae Heteromyidae Caviidae
  22. A highly fenestrated skull is a character of the Dipodidae Leporidae Chinchilidae Aplodontidae Macroscelidae
  23. The most fossorial rodents in North America belong to this family Bathyergidae Dipodidae Geomyidae Muridae Talpidae
  24. When members of this family were introduced to Australia, ecological devastation ensued Macroscelidae Myocastoridae Castoridae Leporidae Hydrochaeridae
  25. The reproductive pattern typical of cats and most lagomorphs Spontaneous ovulation Delayed fertilization Delayed implantation Delayed development Induced ovulation
  26. A double pullied astragalus is characterisitic of the Artiodactyla Macroscelidea Lagomorpha Hyracoidea Perissodactyla .

27-29  Compare (i.e., tell how they are similar) and contrast (i.e., tell how they are different) any THREE of the following. Include the Order and/or Family of each, examples of included taxa, zoogeographic distribution, morphology, behavior, adaptations, etc. (8 points each - 24 points total)

  1.  Suidae, Tayassuidae
  2. Murinae, Arvicolinae
  3. Hippopotamidae, Rhinoceratidae
  4. Camelidae, Tapiridae
  5. Macroscelidae, Heteromyidae

30-33. Define and state the significance to mammalogy as discussed in the lectures for the Orders and Families covered by this examination of any FOUR of the following. Where appropriate state what taxon (-a) the term is associated with. (5 points each - 20 points total)

  1. Altricial
  2. Bruce effect
  3. Cursorial
  4. Embryonic diapause
  5. Eusociality
  6. Facultive delayed implantation
  7. Hystricomorphous

34. Answer one of the following (10 points).

  1. List five characteristic of the life history of marsupials that suggest they are inferior to mammals. Discuss the features of marsupial reproduction that have limited marsupials. Why are placentals in general more successful?
  2. Fully discuss the pattern of reproduction known as delayed fertilization. Include a discussion of the timing of reproductive events and the adaptive advantages of such timing in bats such as Myotis lucifugus.